Juba, South Sudan — Ceasefire monitors have warned that South Sudan could slide back into war unless its leaders recommit to the 2018 Revitalised Peace Agreement. “We cannot accept this continuous violence,” said Maj. Gen. Teshome Anagawe Ayana, chairperson of the Ceasefire and Transitional Security Arrangements Monitoring and Verification Mechanism (CTSAMVM).

The monitors say the world’s youngest nation is at a crossroads. Over the past year, repeated violations of the peace deal have raised alarm about fragile stability. Without urgent action, they warn, the country could face renewed fighting and more humanitarian crises.

CTSAMVM pointed to a deadly attack on March 1 in Abiemnhom, Ruweng Administrative Area, where dozens of civilians were killed, homes destroyed, and thousands displaced. Local officials were among the dead, and women and children were heavily affected.

Violence has also escalated in Jonglei State. Fighting in Akobo intensified after government forces launched an offensive to retake the town from opposition groups. Civilians, aid workers, and UN peacekeepers were ordered to leave within 72 hours before clashes erupted. The battles forced up to 200,000 people to flee toward Ethiopia, creating a humanitarian crisis with looting and suspension of aid services.

Maj. Gen. Teshome warned that territorial battles are undermining the peace process. He urged all parties to use peaceful dispute resolution mechanisms. CTSAMVM also raised concern over a March 6 agreement between SPLM/A-IO and the National Salvation Front (NAS), saying the alliance violates the peace deal. The body called on SPLM/A-IO to revoke the pact.

CTSAMVM faces many challenges, including financial shortages that propelled the closure of three monitoring teams in January, leaving only Juba, Malakal, and Wau teams active. Restrictions on movement have also hampered its work. Earlier this month, SSPDF soldiers reportedly blocked monitors from entering Terekeka County, despite the peace deal guaranteeing access.

Despite these setbacks, CTSAMVM continues peacebuilding efforts. In Juba, it joined International Women’s Day events and held a workshop with civil society groups to address sexual and gender-based violence. The organisation is also working with development partners in Juba and Addis Ababa to secure more support.

CTSAMVM stressed that lasting peace depends on the political will of South Sudan’s leaders. It urged all parties to protect civilians, uphold the ceasefire, and work with regional and international partners. Without unity, the monitors warned, South Sudan risks losing the fragile stability gained since 2018 and returning to a cycle of violence that has already cost countless lives.

By Ginaba Lino | SAKO Media Centre Content Contributor